A Neolithic stone celt (a hand-held axe) with the Indus script on it was discovered at Sembian-Kandiyur near Mayiladuthurai in Tamil Nadu. In Attirampakkam near Chennai, archaeologists from the Sharma Centre for Heritage Education excavated ancient stone tools which suggest that a humanlike population existed in the Tamil Nadu region somewhere around 1,000 years before homo sapiens arrived from Africa. Main article: History of Tamil Nadu PrehistoryĪrchaeological evidence points to this area being one of the longest continuous habitations in the Indian peninsula. 1.6 Vellore Mutiny and Indian Rebellion (1801–1947 CE).Tamil Nadu is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. Tamil Nadu is the most urbanised state in India, and one of the most industrialised states the manufacturing sector accounts for more than one-third of the state's GDP. It ranks 11th among all Indian states in human development index. The economy of Tamil Nadu is the second-largest in India, with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹21.6 trillion (US$290 billion) and has the country's 11th-highest GSDP per capita of ₹229,000 (US$3,000). The state is home to a number of historic buildings, multi-religious pilgrimage sites, hill stations and three World Heritage Sites. Modern-day Tamil Nadu was formed in 1956 after the reorganisation of states on linguistic lines. After the fall of the Kingdom of Mysore, the British Colonial rule during the modern period led to the emergence of Chennai, then known as Madras, as a metropolitan city. The region was ruled by several regimes, including the " three crowned rulers" – Chera, Chola and Pandyan states, which shape the region's cuisine, culture, and architecture. The official language is Tamil, one of the longest-surviving classical languages in the world. The state is bounded by the Western Ghats in the west, the Eastern Ghats in the north, the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Strait to the south-east, and the Indian Ocean in the south. Lying in the southern-most part of the Indian subcontinent, Tamil Nadu is bordered by the Indian union territory of Puducherry and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh, as well as an international maritime border with Sri Lanka.
Tamil Nadu ( / ˌ t æ m ɪ l ˈ n ɑː d uː/ Tamil: ( listen)) is a state in southern India.
^† Established in 1773 Madras State was formed in 1950 and renamed as Tamil Nadu on 14 January 1969 ^# Jana Gana Mana is the national anthem, while Invocation to Mother Tamil is the state song/anthem.
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